Menya igihe gukoresha WhatsApp n’izindi mbuga nkoranyambaga bishobora kuvamo icyaha

Gutukana, gusebanya, gukwirakwiza amakuru y’ibanga, kwiyitirira undi muntu cyangwa kohereza ubutumwa bw’ibikangisho kuri internet si buri gihe bifatwa nk’urwenya.

Mu Rwanda, ibikorwa nk’ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka mu rwego rw’amategeko bitewe n’uburyo byakozwemo n’ingaruka byateje.

Muri iki gihe, telefoni n’imbuga nkoranyambaga nka WhatsApp, Facebook, Instagram, TikTok na X bimaze kuba igikoresho gikomeye mu itumanaho. Umuntu ashobora gutanga amakuru, gukora ubucuruzi cyangwa kuganiriza abantu benshi mu gihe gito.

Ariko ubwo bwisanzure bwo gutumanaho bujyana no kwita ku nshingano.

Ubutumwa umuntu yohereje mu burakari, ifoto yashyize mu itsinda, konti yafunguye yitwaje umwirondoro w’undi cyangwa ubutumwa bwo gushuka umuntu ngo amuhe amafaranga bishobora gukoreshwa nk’ibimenyetso mu gihe habayeho gukurikiranwa.

Nk’uko Umuseke Rwanda wabitangaje mu isesengura ry’Umunyamategeko Munyandinda J. Bosco ukorera muri LEX Chambers, amategeko y’u Rwanda ateganya ibihano ku byaha bimwe na bimwe bikoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga.

Gutukana no gutesha umuntu agaciro

Umuntu ashobora gutuka undi kuri WhatsApp, kumwandagaza mu itsinda cyangwa gukora amashusho agamije kumukoza isoni, akavuga ko ari ugutera urwenya.

Bityo rukaba rushobora kugira izindi ngaruka iyo rugamije gutesha umuntu agaciro, kumubuza amahwemo cyangwa kumutera ubwoba.

Ingingo ya 38 y’Itegeko Nº 60/2018 ryo ku wa 22 Kanama 2018 ryerekeye gukumira no guhana ibyaha bikoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga iteganya ibihano ku muntu utangaza cyangwa wohereza ubutumwa bw’urukozasoni hakoreshejwe mudasobwa cyangwa urusobe rwa mudasobwa.

Gusa, ntabwo buri kunenga cyangwa kutavuga rumwe n’umuntu bihita biba icyaha.

Ubwisanzure bwo gutanga ibitekerezo burengerwa n’amategeko, kandi mu gusuzuma ikibazo harebwa imiterere y’amagambo yakoreshejwe, intego yari afite n’ingaruka yateje cyangwa yashoboraga guteza.

Gukwirakwiza ibihuha bishobora guteza ibibazo

Kohereza inkuru utabanje kugenzura ukuri kwayo bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye, cyane cyane iyo ayo makuru ashobora gutera ubwoba abaturage, guteza imvururu cyangwa kwangiza icyizere umuntu cyangwa ikigo byari bifitiwe.

Ingingo ya 39 y’iryo tegeko ivuga ku gutangaza ibihuha umuntu azi ko bishobora guteza zimwe muri izo ngaruka. Kuba umuntu yanditse ngo “sinzi niba ari ukuri” cyangwa ngo “nabibwiwe n’umuntu” ntabwo bihita bimukuraho inshingano zo kwitondera ibyo asangiza abandi.

Ni yo mpamvu mbere yo gukwirakwiza amakuru ku mbuga nkoranyambaga ari ngombwa kubanza kuyagenzura no kureba niba atabangamira uburenganzira bw’abandi.

Gukwirakwiza amafoto n’amashusho y’ibanga

Kohereza ifoto cyangwa amashusho y’umuntu utabimuhereye uburenganzira bishobora guteza ibibazo mu rwego rw’amategeko, bitewe n’imiterere y’ibyakozwe.

Ibi bishobora kuba bikomeye cyane iyo ayo mafoto cyangwa amashusho arebana n’ubuzima bwite bw’umuntu kandi akayakwirakwiza agamije kumukoza isoni, kumubangamira cyangwa kumushyira mu kaga.

Nk’uko Umuseke Rwanda wabigarutseho, ingingo ya 35 y’Itegeko Nº 60/2018 ivuga ku bikorwa byo kubuza umuntu amahwemo cyangwa kumushyiraho ibikangisho hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga, harimo gukwirakwiza amafoto cyangwa amashusho mu buryo bushobora guteza ingaruka ziteganywa n’amategeko.

Kuba umuntu yarigeze guha undi ifoto ku bushake ntabwo bisobanuye ko uwo muntu yemerewe kuyisangiza abandi cyangwa kuyishyira ku mbuga nkoranyambaga uko yishakiye.

Kwiyitirira undi muntu kuri internet

Hari abantu bafungura konti kuri Facebook, Instagram, TikTok cyangwa izindi mbuga bakoresheje amazina n’amafoto by’abandi.

Iyo bikorwa bigamije kuyobya abantu, kubona inyungu, kwangiza izina ry’undi cyangwa gukora uburiganya, bishobora kuvamo icyaha.

Ingingo ya 40 y’Itegeko Nº 60/2018 ivuga ku gukoresha umwirondoro w’undi muntu kuri internet mu buryo bugamije uburiganya, kuyobya abantu, kubona inyungu cyangwa kwangiza ubwamamare bw’umuntu cyangwa ikigo.

Ubutumwa bwo kuri internet bushobora gukoreshwa mu buriganya

Ubutumwa busaba umuntu gutanga amakuru y’ibanga cyangwa amafaranga bushobora kuba uburyo bw’uburiganya bwo kuri internet.

Urugero ni ubutumwa bumumenyesha ko yatsindiye amafaranga, ko konti ye igiye gufungwa cyangwa bumusaba gutanga amakuru y’ibanga kugira ngo ikibazo runaka gikemuke.

Mu mategeko, ibikorwa nk’ibi bishobora kugwa mu byaha bijyanye n’uburiganya bukoresheje ikoranabuhanga, bitewe n’uburyo byakozwemo n’icyari kigamijwe.

Gukoresha WhatsApp mu gutera umuntu ubwoba

Ubutumwa bwo gutera umuntu ubwoba, kumubwira ko uzashyira hanze amakuru ye y’ibanga cyangwa ko uzamugirira nabi bushobora kugira ingaruka mu mategeko.

Icy’ingenzi si amagambo gusa, ahubwo harebwa n’umwimerere w’ubutumwa, intego yabwo, uburyo bwoherejwemo, inshuro bwagiye busubirwamo ndetse n’ingaruka bwagize ku wabwakiriye.

Ni yo mpamvu ubutumwa bwo kuri WhatsApp cyangwa ku zindi mbuga bukwiye gufatwa nk’ibintu bishobora kugira agaciro mu iperereza. Screenshots, amajwi, nimero za telefoni, igihe ubutumwa bwoherejwe n’andi makuru ajyanye n’itumanaho bishobora gufasha mu gusuzuma ibyabaye, hashingiwe ku buryo ibyo bimenyetso byakusanyijwe kandi bikabikwa.

Ubwisanzure bwo kuvuga bufite n’inshingano

Umuntu afite uburenganzira bwo gutanga ibitekerezo, kunenga, kubaza ibibazo no gusangiza abandi amakuru. Ariko ubwo burenganzira ntibumuha ububasha bwo kwangiza ubuzima bwite bw’abandi, kwiyitirira undi, gukwirakwiza ibihuha bibangamira rubanda, gutera ubwoba cyangwa gukora uburiganya.

Mbere yo gukanda kuri “Send”, “Share” cyangwa “Post”, ni byiza kubanza kwibaza niba ibyo ugiye gutangaza ari ukuri, niba ufite uburenganzira bwo kubisangiza abandi ndetse n’ingaruka bishobora kugira ku bandi.

Muri make, internet ntabwo ari ahantu hatagira amategeko. Ibikorwa umuntu akorera kuri WhatsApp cyangwa ku rundi rubuga bishobora kugira ingaruka nk’ibikorwa akorera ahandi, cyane cyane iyo bibangamiye uburenganzira bw’abandi cyangwa bikubiyemo ibikorwa amategeko ahana.

Icyitonderwa: Iyi nkuru igamije gutanga amakuru rusange ku ikoreshwa ry’ikoranabuhanga n’amategeko. Ntisimbura ubujyanama bw’umunyamategeko.

Src: Umuseke Rwanda — Isesengura ry’Umunyamategeko Munyandinda J. Bosco, LEX Chambers.