Urubyiruko rw’u Rwanda mu nzira itoroshye yo kwiyubakira ubuzima

Mu Rwanda, urubyiruko rwinshi rwinjira mu buzima bw’ubukure rufite inzozi, amashuri, ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga birenze ibyo ibisekuruza byarwo byarubanjirije byari bifite. Ariko kuri benshi, kugera ku bwigenge bw’ubukungu no kwiyubakira ubuzima bwigenga bigakomeza kuba urugendo rutoroshye.

Umusore cyangwa umukobwa ashobora kuba afite impamyabumenyi, telefoni igezweho n’ubushobozi bwo kubona amakuru menshi mu kanya gato, ariko ibyo ntibimubuze guhura n’ikibazo cy’akazi, amafaranga make, ibiciro by’ubuzima biri hejuru ndetse no kubura igishoro cyo gutangiza ibikorwa bye.

Ibi bituma havuka ikibazo gikomeye kigira kiti: Ese amashuri, ikoranabuhanga n’iterambere ry’igihugu birahagije kugira ngo urubyiruko rubashe kwiyubakira ubuzima bwigenga?

Amashuri ntabwo buri gihe ahita ahinduka ubukungu

Mu myaka myinshi ishize, amashuri yagiye afatwa nk’imwe mu nzira z’ingenzi zo kuva mu bukene no kugera ku mibereho myiza mu myumvire itandukanye y’abantu batandukanye. Nk’uko bamwe babinyuzaga mu mvugo igira iti: “Kwiga byahoze ari urufunguzo rw’ubuzima” nyuma bakongera kugira bati: “Icyakora ntituzi utazwi waba yarahinduye urufunguzo rw’ubuzima“.

Ese koko ibyo byaba ariko bikwiye kwibaza ?

Muby’ukuri umuryango ushobora gukoresha amafaranga menshi mu kwishyurira umwana amashuri, wizera ko nyuma yo kuyasoza azabona akazi, agatangira kwibeshaho ndetse na we akazafasha umuryango.

Ariko urihirirwa yarangiza amashuri ugasanga bitamworoheye kubona akazi cyangwa yanakabona ntabashe kukabonamo amafaranga ahagije, ibi bizatuma ikibazo kiba kirenze kuba nta kazi ufite.

Hari n’igihe umuntu atangira kwibaza niba imyaka yamaze yiga yaragejeje ku cyo umuryango wari utegereje.

Ku ruhande rumwe, igihugu gikomeza guteza imbere uburezi no kongera amahirwe yo kwiga. Ku rundi ruhande, isoko ry’umurimo rigahinduka vuba, kandi atari ko buri mpamyabumenyi ihita ihinduka akazi cyangwa umutungo.

Ibi bituma hakenerwa guhuza kurushaho ibyo abanyeshuri biga n’ubushobozi isoko ry’umurimo rikeneye.

Umuntu ashobora kuba mukuru ariko atarigenga

Kimwe mu bibazo bigaragara ni uko imyaka y’ubukure ishobora kugera mbere y’ubwigenge bw’ubukungu.

Umuntu ashobora kuba afite imyaka iri muri za 20, yararangije amashuri, ariko agakomeza gutura mu rugo rw’ababyeyi cyangwa akishingikiriza ku bandi kugira ngo abone amafaranga y’ubukode, transport, ibiribwa n’ibindi by’ibanze.

Ntabwo ibi bivuze ko gutura mu muryango ari ikibazo. Mu mico myinshi, harimo no mu Rwanda, gufashanya mu muryango ni igice cy’ingenzi cy’imibereho.

Ikibazo kiba iyo umuntu ashaka gutangira ubuzima bwe bwite ariko ubushobozi bw’amafaranga ntibumukundire.

Ibiciro by’ubukode, ibiribwa, transport n’ingufu bishobora gutuma amafaranga umuntu ahembwa atamugeza kure. Bityo iyo nta mafaranga asaguka yo kuzigama cyangwa gushora mu gikorwa cyinjiza inyungu, urugendo rwo kwigenga rurushaho kuba rurerure.

Igishoro ni kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye

Kugira igitekerezo cy’ubucuruzi ntibihagije. Gukora business ikura bisaba igishoro, ubumenyi, isoko, imiyoborere n’igihe.

Urubyiruko rwinshi rutangira rufite igitekerezo ariko rudafite umutungo banki cyangwa abandi batanga amafaranga bashobora kwishingikirizaho.

Banki isanzwe igomba kureba ubushobozi bwo kwishyura umwenda, amateka y’umukiriya, amafaranga business yinjiza ndetse n’ingwate.

Ibi birumvikana ku ruhande rw’imikorere ya banki. Ariko bishobora guteza ikibazo ku muntu ukiri muto utaratunga inzu ye, ubutaka bw’agaciro cyangwa business imaze imyaka myinshi ikora bye kugira ngo abone ibyo byangombwa asabwa.

Bityo, hari ikibazo gisa n’uruziga: kugira ngo ubone igishoro kinini ukenera umutungo cyangwa ubushobozi bugaragara; kugira ngo ubone uwo mutungo na none ugakenera igishoro.

Ni yo mpamvu u Rwanda rukeneye uburyo bwinshi bwo gutera inkunga imishinga y’urubyiruko, harimo equity, venture capital, credit guarantees, co-investment n’indi capital yihanganira igihe business ikura.

Icyakora ibi ntibisobanura ko banki zisanzwe zigomba gufata ibyago nk’ibya venture capital. Ahubwo hakenewe ibigo n’imikorere byabugenewe gufasha imishinga ifite amahirwe yo gukura ariko nyirayo akaba ataragira umutungo uhagije wo gutanga nk’ingwate.

Gutunga ikintu bishobora guhindura ubuzima

Hari itandukaniro rikomeye hagati yo kubona umushahara no gutunga umutungo ubyara amafaranga.

Umushahara ushobora gufasha umuntu kwishyura ubuzima bwa buri munsi, kwiga, gufasha umuryango no kuzigama.

Ariko kugira imigabane muri business ikomeye, gutunga inzu ikodeshwa, ubutaka bubyazwa umusaruro cyangwa ikindi gikorwa gitanga inyungu bishobora kubaka umutungo w’umuryango mu gihe kirekire.

Ni yo mpamvu ikibazo atari ukumenya gusa aho urubyiruko ruzakorera.

Ni no kwibaza ngo: Ni bande bazatunga ibigo bizatanga imirimo mu Rwanda mu myaka iri imbere? Niba urubyiruko rwinshi ruzaba abakozi gusa ariko rugakomeza kugorwa no kubona uburyo bwo gutunga business, igihugu gishobora kuzagira abakozi benshi ariko kigatinda kugira urubyiruko rwinshi rufite umutungo.

Ubumenyi ngiro bugomba guhabwa agaciro

Hari igihe umuntu urangije kaminuza afatwa nk’ufite amahirwe menshi kurusha ufite umwuga w’ubwubatsi, ubukanishi, ubudozi, ububaji, welding, ubuhinzi bw’ikoranabuhanga cyangwa ubundi bumenyi ngiro.

Ariko isoko ry’umurimo ntabwo rishingira ku mpamyabumenyi gusa.Ubukungu bukeneye abantu bashobora gukora ibintu bifatika: kubaka, gusana, guhanga ibicuruzwa, gukoresha imashini, gutunganya umusaruro, gukora software, gucunga imari, kugurisha, gukora ubushakashatsi no gukemura ibibazo.

Impamyabumenyi igaragaza ko umuntu yize kandi yarangije urwego runaka. Ariko ubushobozi bwo gukora akazi neza ni bwo amaherezo bugena agaciro umuntu ahawe ku isoko.

AI iri guhindura isoko ry’umurimo

Ikoranabuhanga ry’ubwenge buhangano, AI, riri kongera uyu muvuduko.

Muri iki gihe, AI ishobora gufasha mu kwandika, guhindura indimi, gukora ubushakashatsi, gusesengura amakuru, gukora coding ndetse no mu bindi bikorwa byakorwaga n’abantu.

Ibi ntabwo bivuze ko abantu bazahita babura akazi bose.

Ahubwo bivuze ko imirimo imwe izahinduka, indi igabanuke, naho indi mishya ikavuka.

Urubyiruko rero ntirukwiye kwiga gusa ibyo imashini ishobora gukora neza. Rukeneye no guteza imbere ubushobozi bwo gutekereza, guhanga udushya, gukemura ibibazo, kuvugana n’abandi, gufata ibyemezo no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu buryo bufite intego.

Ikibazo gikomeye cyaba ari uko umunyeshuri yakoresha AI kugira ngo imukorere imirimo yose, aho kuyikoresha nk’igikoresho kimufasha kwiga no gutekereza.

Telefoni yabaye igice cy’ubuzima bw’urubyiruko

Ikoranabuhanga rifite uruhare runini mu buzima bw’urubyiruko.

Telefoni ishobora kuba igikoresho cyo kwiga, gushaka akazi, gukora business, kubona amakuru no kuvugana n’abantu.

Ariko ishobora no kuba isoko yo kurangaza, kwigereranya n’abandi, amakuru atizewe ndetse n’ibindi bikoresho bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mitekerereze n’imyitwarire.

Imbuga nkoranyambaga zishobora gutuma umuntu yigereranya n’abantu abona kuri internet, atazi ubuzima bwabo bwose.

Umuntu ashobora kubona imodoka nziza, inzu, ingendo cyangwa business y’undi muntu, akibagirwa ko ibyo abona ari igice gito cy’ubuzima bwe.

Ibi bishobora gutuma urubyiruko rushaka kugaragara nk’abakize mbere y’uko rwubaka ubukungu burambye.

Umuryango ufite uruhare runini

Ikibazo cy’urubyiruko ntabwo ari inshingano z’urubyiruko rwonyine.

Ababyeyi na bo bafite uruhare rukomeye.

Mu bihe byashize, umwana yakuraga akikijwe n’ababyeyi, ba sekuru, ba nyirasenge, ba nyirarume, abaturanyi, abarimu n’abandi bantu bakuru bamukurikirana.

Uyu munsi, urbanisation, akazi kenshi, kwimuka no gukura kw’ikoranabuhanga byahinduye iyo miterere.

Umwana ashobora kumara amasaha menshi kuri internet, mu gihe umubyeyi atazi neza ibyo areba, abantu avugana na bo cyangwa ibitekerezo ahura na byo.

Ni yo mpamvu uburere bugomba guhinduka.

Ababyeyi bagomba kumenya AI, imbuga nkoranyambaga, ibiyobyabwenge, inzoga n’izindi mpinduka ziri mu buzima bw’urubyiruko, kugira ngo bashobore kuganira n’abana babo aho kubatega amatwi ari uko ikibazo kimaze kuba gikomeye.

Umuco ugomba kugendana n’ibihe

U Rwanda rufite indangagaciro zikomeye zirimo ubupfura, ubwitange, umurimo, kwihangana, kubaha abandi no gufata inshingano.

Ariko izi ndangagaciro zigomba gukomeza kugira umumaro mu buzima bwa none.

Urubyiruko rukeneye gusobanurirwa uko izo ndangagaciro zikoreshwa mu gihe cya AI, imbuga nkoranyambaga, amafaranga ya digital, imirimo ihinduka ndetse n’ubuzima bwo mu mijyi.

Umuco ntukwiye kuba ikintu abantu bibuka gusa mu birori cyangwa mu mihango. Ugomba kuba igikoresho gifasha umuntu gufata ibyemezo byiza mu buzima bwa buri munsi.

Igisekuru gikuru na cyo kigomba guhinduka

Abakuze ntibakwiye kureba ibibazo by’urubyiruko nk’iby’urubyiruko gusa.

Isi umwana wa none arimo gukuriramo iratandukanye cyane n’iyo ababyeyi be bakuriyemo.

Umubyeyi wakuriye mu gihe nta smartphone yariho ntashobora gukoresha gusa uburyo yakurijwemo kugira ngo yumve umwana uri gukurira mu isi ya TikTok, AI, YouTube n’imbuga nkoranyambaga.

Umwarimu na we ntashobora gutegura abanyeshuri b’ejo hazaza akoresheje gufata mu mutwe amakuru gusa.

Banki na yo ntishobora kuba igisubizo cyonyine ku kibazo cy’igishoro cy’abacuruzi bakiri bato.

Abakoresha nabo bakwiye gutanga amahirwe yo kwimenyereza akazi no kwiga ku bantu bakiri mu ntangiriro z’umwuga.

Urubyiruko na rwo rufite inshingano

Nubwo hari imbogamizi zishingiye ku bukungu n’imiterere y’isoko, urubyiruko na rwo rufite inshingano zo kwiyubaka.

• AI ntishobora gusimbura discipline.
• Telefoni ntishobora gutanga intego y’ubuzima.
• Amafaranga y’igishoro ntashobora gusimbura ubumenyi.
• Kandi Leta ntishobora gufata ibyemezo byose ku bw’umuntu ku giti cye.

Urubyiruko rukeneye kwiga ibintu bishya, gukora cyane, kubaka imiyoboro y’abantu, gushaka mentors, kuzigama uko bishoboka, kwirinda imyitwarire yangiza ejo hazaza no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu kubaka ubushobozi aho kurikoresha gusa mu myidagaduro.

U Rwanda rukwiye kubaka ba nyir’ubukungu b’ejo hazaza

Ikibazo gikomeye si ukumenya gusa niba urubyiruko ruzabona akazi.

Ni ukureba niba ruzabona uburyo bwo kubaka umutungo.

U Rwanda rukeneye abakozi bafite ubumenyi, ariko runakeneye ba rwiyemezamirimo, abashoramari, abakora inganda, abahanga mu ikoranabuhanga, abahinzi b’umwuga ndetse n’abubaka ibigo bishobora gukura bikagera ku masoko mpuzamahanga.

Iyo urubyiruko rubonye amahirwe yo kugira uruhare mu gutunga no guteza imbere ibyo bikorwa, inyungu ntizigarukira ku muntu umwe. Business ikomeye itanga imirimo, imisoro, serivisi n’ubutunzi bushobora kurenga igisekuru kimwe.

Inzira yo kwiyubakira ubuzima ku rubyiruko rw’u Rwanda ntabwo yoroshye.

Ruhura n’akazi kadahagije, ibiciro biri kuzamuka, kubura igishoro, guhangana n’ikoranabuhanga rihindura imirimo, ndetse n’igitutu cyo kugera ku mibereho myiza rubona ku mbuga nkoranyambaga.

Ariko ikibazo ntigikwiye gufatwa nk’icy’urubyiruko rwonyine.

Ni ikibazo gisaba uruhare rw’imiryango, amashuri, za kaminuza, abikorera, ibigo by’imari, Leta n’urubyiruko ubwarwo.

Intego ntikwiye kuba ukubyara igisekuru cy’abafite impamyabumenyi gusa. Igomba kuba ukubyara igisekuru gifite ubumenyi, ubumenyi ngiro, ubushobozi bwo guhanga imirimo, kugera ku mari no kubaka umutungo.

Kuko ejo hazaza h’u Rwanda ntihazashingira gusa ku mubare w’abarangije amashuri, ahubwo hazashingira no ku mubare w’abashoboye gukoresha ibyo bize n’ubushobozi bafite kugira ngo bubake ubuzima bwabo, imiryango yabo ndetse n’ubukungu bw’igihugu.

Umwanditsi: CYIZA Theogene | Gate of Wise