Urwego rw’uburezi mu Rwanda ruri gutera imbere cyane kugira ngo ruhuzwe n’ibikenewe mu bukungu bugezweho kandi bushingiye ku ikoranabuhanga. Mu kiganiro cyihariye aherutse kugirana na RwandaTV imbonankubone, Minisitiri w’Uburezi yagaragaje impinduka z’ishingiro zigamije kuzamura ireme ry’imyigishirize n’umusaruro w’abanyeshuri mu mashuri abanza n’ayisumbuye.
Ku barezi, abategura integanyanyigisho, ndetse n’abanyeshuri bigira ubwarimu bagira uruhare mu kubaka ejo hazaza h’amashuri yacu, kumva neza ibi byerekezo bya politiki y’uburezi ni ingenzi cyane.
Dore ishusho y’impinduka z’ingenzi zitezwe ndetse n’icyo zivuze ku hazaza h’imyigishirize n’imyigire mu Rwanda.
1. Guhuza uburezi n’icyerekezo 2050
Ingingo y’ingenzi yagarutsweho muri iri jambo ni uguhuza ingamba z’uburezi z’iki gihe n’Icyerekezo 2050 cy’u Rwanda. Intego nyamukuru ni ukugira abaturage bize neza kandi bashobora guteza imbere ubukungu bushingiye ku bumenyi.
Ibi bivuze kuva ku kwita gusa ku mubare w’abanyeshuri biyandikisha ahubwo hakibandwa ku ireme ry’uburezi n’ubumenyi bwihariye butangwa. Amashuri azagenda arushaho kwita ku kwemeza ko abanyeshuri bazi gusoma, kwandika no kubara neza mbere yo kubimura, bityo hakirindwa ko hari umwana usigara inyuma bitewe n’intege nke z’inzego z’uburezi.
2. Kongerera ubushobozi abarimu no kunoza amahugurwa yabo
Nta nteganyanyigisho yagerwaho hatari abarimu bafite ubushobozi. Minisiteri irashyira imbaraga nyinshi mu bigo nk’Ishuri Rikuru ry’Uburezi rya Kaminuza y’u Rwanda (UR-CE) n’Amashuri Nderabarezi (TTCs) kugira ngo hasohoke abarimu bafite ubumenyi, kandi bateguwe neza mu mutwe kugira ngo binjire mu mwuga.
Amahugurwa ahoraho ku barimu (CPD) agiye kuvugururwa cyane. Mu minsi iri imbere, hazashyirwaho igihe cyihariye—cyane cyane ku wa Gatanu—kugira ngo abarimu bitabire gahunda za CPD. Ku banyeshuri bari mu kwimenyereza umwuga w’ubwarimu, kubona ubunararibonye bwo kwigisha guhera mu cyumweru cya mbere byamaze gushyirwa mu bikorwa. Iyi gahunda yo gushyigikira ubujyanama n’amahugurwa hagati y’abarimu izarushaho gushimangira ubushobozi ngiro.
3. Gushimangira integanyanyigisho ishingiye ku bushobozi (CBC)
Nubwo Integanyanyigisho ishingiye ku bushobozi (CBC) isanzwe ikoreshwa, ubu noneho igiye gushyirwa mu bikorwa byimbitse. Uburyo bwo kwigisha bwibanda ku munyeshuri (student-centered) n’uburyo bwo gutegura amasomo bihawe agaciro kanini kuruta kwiga mu mutwe gusa.
Minisitiri yashimangiye ko hakwiye kureka kwigisha amagambo gusa cyangwa kwiga mu mutwe bidafite ishingiro. Ahubwo, isuzumabumenyi rizajya ripima ubushobozi nyabwo ndetse n’uko umunyeshuri ashyira mu bikorwa ibijyanye n’amagambo, siyanse, n’imitekerereze. Intego ni ugupima icyo umunyeshuri ashobora gukora akoresheje ubumenyi bwe, atari gusa ibyo ashobora kwibuka mu kizamini.
4. Guteza imbere ubumenyi bw’ikoranabuhanga binyuze mu matsinda y’abanyeshuri (Clubs)
Imwe mu mpinduka zishimishije ni ugushyigikira amatsinda y’abanyeshuri (clubs) nk’ahantu ho kwigira, cyane cyane mu bijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga.
Amashuri ari gushishikarizwa gushinga no gutera inkunga amatsinda y’ikoranabuhanga (ICT clubs), amatsinda yo kwandika porogaramu za mudasobwa (programming clubs), n’amatsinda y’itangazamakuru (journalism clubs). Ku barezi bafite ubushake bwo kwigisha indimi z’ibanze zikoreshwa kuri interineti nka HTML, CSS, na JavaScript, ibi bitanga umwanya wemewe mu kigo cy’ishuri wo kubaka ubu bumenyi. Aya matsinda ntakifatwa nk’ibikorwa byo kwishimisha gusa nyuma y’amasomo, ahubwo ni igicumbi cy’ingenzi cy’ubumenyi bw’ikoranabuhanga bwagaragajwe mu Cyerekezo 2050.
5. Kunoza imiterere y’amashuri n’ikinyabupfura
Mu gusoza, Minisiteri yagarutse ku miterere ndetse n’imibereho yo mu mashuri abamo abanyeshuri n’ayiga ataha. Kuzamura inkunga igenerwa amashuri (capitation grants) bijyanye n’izamuka ry’ibiciro ku isoko bigamije gushyigikira ubushobozi bw’amashuri. Byongeye kandi, hari amabwiriza mashya kandi akomeye asaba ko amashuri aba ahantu hatarangwa inzoga n’ibiyobyabwenge, ibi bikazasaba ubufatanye bwa hafi hagati y’inzego z’ibanze n’abayobozi b’amashuri kugira ngo umutekano n’ikabiyabupfura by’abanyeshuri byitabweho.
Bimaze kugaragara ko hagiwe kwibandwa ku ireme ry’uburezi aho kwita ku mubare gusa. Waba uri gutegura imfashanyigisho, wandika inyandiko z’amasomo z’ikoranabuhanga, cyangwa witegura isuzuma ryo mu ishuri, guhuza imfashanyigisho zawe n’umurongo ngiro wa CBC hamwe n’ubumenyi bw’ikoranabuhanga niyo nzira nziza yo gutegurira abanyeshuri bawe ejo hazaza h’u Rwanda.
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