Ibidukikije ni ingingo abantu bamwe na bamwe bakerensa, cyangwa ntibayihe agaciro ariko ikaba inkingi mwikorezi mu buzima bwa buri munsi bwa muntu kuko iyo bititaweho biteza ingaruka zikomeye ubuzima bw’abantu n’ibyabo bigatikira.
Tekereza mu cyi hamwe abantu baba biteze izuba ryinshi hakagwa imvura y’amahindu, byinshi bikangirika, cya gihe hitezwe imvura abantu barahinze bikomeye hakava izuba ryinshi. Ni ha handi haza ibiza bigasenya byinshi.
Benshi bibuka imvura idasanzwe yaguye muri Gicurasi 2023 igateza ibiza byahitanye abantu 135, inzu zirenga 2100 zikangirika mu gihe izindi 2.763 zasenyutse burundu, n’ibikorwaremezo nk’imihanda na byo birangirika. N’ubu ingaruka zabyo ziracyagaragara.
Raporo ya Minisiteri y’Ibikorwa by’Ubutabazi, MINEMA, igaragaza ko ingaruka z’ibiza ziri mu bitwara amafaranga menshi u Rwanda, aho buri mwaka rukoresha miliyoni 300$ (arenga miliyari 400 Frw).
Mu guhangana n’ibyo bibazo no kunoza imishinga ishingiye ku bidukikije, Guverinoma y’u Rwanda ibinyujije mu Kigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Umutungo Kamere w’Amazi mu Rwanda (RWB) n’abandi bafatanyabikorwa, iri gushyira mu bikorwa imishinga ifite agaciro k’arenga miliyari 735 Frw.
Ni imishinga igamije gufasha u Rwanda guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe, kugabanya imyuzure, guteza imbere umutungo kamere w’amazi, kubyaza ibidukikije amashanyarazi, kwihaza mu biribwa no guteza imbere ubuzima bw’abaturage babarizwa aho umushinga uherereye.
Muri iyi mishinga harimo uwo kubaka urugomero rwa Muvumba (Muvumba Multi-Purpose Dam) ruherereye mu Karere ka Nyagatare. Biteganyijwe ko uzarangira muri Werurwe 2027, ubu imirimo yo kurwubaka ikaba igeze kuri 46%.
Uru rugomero ruri kubakwa kuri hegitari 400 ziri mu mirenge ya Karama na Rukomo ariko ruzanagera mu Murenge wa Gatunda mu Karere ka Nyagatare. Ruzaba rufite metero 39 z’ubuhagarike rwagera hejuru rukagira kilometero imwe na metero 160 z’ubutambike.
Ruzaba rufite ubushobozi bwo kubika meterokibe miliyoni hafi 55 z’amazi azifashishwa mu guha abaturage amazi meza, gutanga amazi yo kuhira imyaka, ayo gushora inka ndetse rukazanatanga Megawatt imwe y’amashanyarazi.
Banki ya Afurika y’Amajyambere, BAD, izatangamo miliyoni 121,5 miliyoni (miliyari 207 Frw), ibingana na 97,2% by’ikiguzi cy’umushinga wose mu gihe u Rwanda rwo ruzatanga 2,8% ibingana na miliyoni 2,688 z’Amayero (arenga miliyari 4,5 Frw).
Ruzatanga amazi meza angana na meterokibe ibihumbi 50 ku munsi. Ruzatanga kandi amashanyarazi angana na megawatt imwe, ufashe kuhira ku buso bwa hegitari ibihumbi 10 bwo mu mirenge ya Tabagwe, Gatunda, Karama, Rukomo, Nyagatare, Rwempasha, Musheri na Rwimiyaga.
Mu mishinga u Rwanda kandi rufite harimo uwo gufasha abaturiye ibirunga uzwi nka Volcanoes Community Resilience Project (VCRP). U Rwanda ruwuterwamo inkunga na Banki y’Isi. Uyu mushinga RWB iwufatanyamo, Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Kurengera Ibidukikije (REMA) na Meteo Rwanda.
Uyu mushinga wateganyijwe kuva 2024 kugeza mu 2028 uzatwara miliyoni 300$ (arenga miliyari 438 Frw). Uzibanda ku kugabanya ibibazo by’imyuzure, guteza imbere imibereho myiza n’indi mirimo yo gufata amazi aturuka mu birunga.
Uyu mushinga wagenewe abo mu gace k’ibirunga no mu muhora wa Vunga uzafasha guhangana n’ibyuzure, kuyobora amazi no guteza imbere abaturage bo mu turere twa Musanze, Nyabihu na Rubavu, Gakenke, Burera, Rutsiro, Ngororero na Muhanga.
Muri uyu mushinga kandi hamaze gutunganywa igenamigambi ry’imikoreshereze y’ubutaka rishingiye ku mudugudu rimaze gukorwa mu midugudu 60 kuva umushinga watangira. Intego ni ukurikora mu midugudu 150 muri utu turere ukoreramo bitarenze muri Gicurasi 2026.
Kuva uyu mushinga watangira, hamaze gucibwa amaterasi ari kuri hegiteri zigera kuri 400, imirwanyasuri 332 n’ibindi mu turere twa Musanze, Nyabihu na Rubavu.
Hamaze gutegurwa ingemwe z’ibiti bihinganwa n’imyaka zirenga ibihumbi 450 zatewe kuri hegitari 1184. Hamaze gutangwa ibigega by’amazi bigera kuri 357 ndetse inka 167 zagabiwe imiryango itishoboye.
Mu mishinga ibungabunga ibidukikije kandi iri gushyirwamo imbaraga irimo uwo kubungabunga ibinyabuzima byo mu Cyogogo cya Congo-Nil.
Imyaka itatu iri imbere izasiga umushinga wo kubungabunga urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima mu turere dukora ku Isunzu rya Congo-Nil, usojwe.
Uyu mushinga ukorera mu turere 10 turimo Musanze, Nyahibu, Rubavu, Ngororero, Rutsiro, Karongi, Nyamasheke, Rusizi, Nyamagabe na Nyaruguru. Uzatwara miliyoni 50$ (arenga miliyari 73 Frw). Ushyirwa mu bikorwa na RWB n’abafatanyabikorwa barimo Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Amashyamba (RFA).
Uyu mushinga wiswe ‘Building Resilience of Vulnerable Communities to Climate Variability in Rwanda’s Congo Nile Divide through Forest and Landscape Restoration,” uzibanda ku bikorwa birimo kubungabunga umutungo kamere muri icyo gice cyo mu muhora wa Albert (Albertine Rift) kiri kuri hegitari 444.600.
Byitezwe ko hazatunganywa hegitari 5.000 zo muri Pariki ya Nyungwe n’iya Gishwati hegitari 3.346 zikazaterwaho ibiti bivangwa n’imyaka amaterasi azacibwa kuri hegitari 1.000, kugeza ingufu zitangiza ku ngo 8.500 n’ibindi.
Byitezwe ko hazatunganywa hegitari 5.000 zo muri Pariki ya Nyungwe n’iya Gishwati, hegitari 3.346 zikazaterwaho ibiti bivangwa n’imyaka, amaterasi azacibwa kuri hegitari 1.600, kugeza ingufu zitangiza ku ngo 8.500 no kubungabunga amashyamba ari kuri hegitari 2500. Byitezwe ko uyu mushinga uzatanga amahirwe y’imirimo ibihumbi 24.
Nko mu turere twa Karongi na Rutsiro, RWB izibanda ku bikorwa byo kugarura ubutaka birimo gukora amaterasi kuri hegitari 1673.
Harimo gusubiranya imigende yatewe n’amazi menshi ingana na kilometero 39, kwita ku butaka buri hafi y’imigezi bungana na hegitari 300, ibizaha akazi abantu 3500.
Imishinga yo kubungabunga ibidukikije kandi irimo uwo kurwanya imyuzure no gufasha abatuye mu bice byo mu Burengerazuba bw’u Rwanda guhangana n’ibiza.
Ni umushinga uzatwara miliyoni 9$ (miliyari zirenga 13 Frw). Hazibandwa ku buryo bwo kurwanya imyuzure yisubiramo, isuri no kwangirika k’ubutaka.
Mu kugera ku ntego, hazubakwa ingomero zifata amazi ariko hatewemo ibyatsi, gusibura imigende yangiritse mu bice bya Rusizi na Karongi, guca amaterasi no gutera ibiti bivangwamo imyaka, ibizateza imbere abaturage barenga 600.000.
Hazitabwa kandi ku kubaka sitasiyo zigezweho esheshatu zifasha mu gutanga integuza y’ahashobora kuba imyuzure no gushyiraho uburyo bw’ikoranabuhanga butanga umuburo ku biza. Bizafasha abaturage miliyoni 1,2 ari na ko hatangwa amahugurwa ku guhangana n’ibiza.