Ubushinwa buri hafi gusimbura RDC ku mwanya w’isoko rya mbere ry’ibicuruzwa by’u Rwanda.

Ubushinwa buri hafi kwambura RDC umwanya w’isoko rya mbere ry’ibicuruzwa by’u Rwanda, mu gihe imibare mishya igaragaza impinduka zikomeye mu bucuruzi mpuzamahanga bw’iki gihugu.

Imibare y’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare (NISR) igaragaza ko Ubushinwa buri hafi gufata umwanya wa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (DRC) nk’isoko rya mbere ry’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga biturutse mu Rwanda.

Muri Mata 2026, u Rwanda rwohereje mu Bushinwa ibicuruzwa bifite agaciro ka miliyoni 47,74 z’amadolari ya Amerika, mu gihe ibyoherejwe muri DRC byari bifite agaciro ka miliyoni 48,28 z’amadolari. Itandukaniro hagati y’aya masoko yombi ryari munsi ya miliyoni imwe y’amadolari, ibintu bigaragaza uburyo Ubushinwa buri gusatira umwanya wa mbere.

Ni impinduka zikomeye ugereranyije n’imyaka ibiri ishize. Muri Mata 2024, ibicuruzwa u Rwanda rwoherezaga mu Bushinwa byari bifite agaciro ka miliyoni 6,38 z’amadolari gusa, mu gihe ibyoherezwa muri DRC byari miliyoni 14,89 z’amadolari.

Muri icyo gihe, Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Abarabu (UAE) ni zo zari ziyoboye andi masoko yose, zakira ibicuruzwa by’u Rwanda bifite agaciro ka miliyoni 100,8 z’amadolari. Icyakora, uwo mwanya wagabanutse cyane mu myaka yakurikiyeho, aho agaciro k’ibyoherezwa muri UAE kageze kuri miliyoni 32,75 z’amadolari muri Mata 2025, mbere yo kugwa kuri miliyoni 18,21 muri Mata 2026.

Izamuka rya DRC ryajyanye no kongera kw’ubucuruzi mu burasirazuba bw’icyo gihugu nyuma y’impinduka z’umutekano zabaye mu ntangiriro za 2025. Imijyi ya Goma na Bukavu, ituwe n’abaturage babarirwa muri miliyoni eshanu, yakomeje kwishingikiriza ku Rwanda mu kubona ibicuruzwa bitandukanye birimo ibiribwa, lisansi n’ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi.

Ubwikorezi bworoshye n’imihanda itunganijwe neza byatumye u Rwanda rukomeza kugira uruhare runini mu kugeza ibicuruzwa ku baturage barenga miliyoni 20 bo mu burasirazuba bwa Congo. Imibare iheruka kandi yerekana ko ibicuruzwa bikorerwa mu Rwanda byoherezwa muri DRC byiyongereyeho hejuru ya 141% ugereranyije n’umwaka wabanje.

Ku ruhande rw’Ubushinwa, izamuka rikomeye ryatewe ahanini n’icyemezo cyatangiye gushyirwa mu bikorwa kuva mu Ukuboza 2024, cyemerera ibicuruzwa byose bituruka mu Rwanda kwinjira ku isoko ry’Ubushinwa bidaciwe imisoro ya gasutamo.

Iyi gahunda yafashije kongera ubushobozi bw’abohereza ibicuruzwa hanze, by’umwihariko ku bicuruzwa birimo ikawa, icyayi, urusenda n’amabuye y’agaciro. Agaciro k’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu Bushinwa kazamutse kava kuri miliyoni 6,38 z’amadolari muri Mata 2024, kagera kuri miliyoni 10,37 muri Mata 2025, mbere yo kwikuba inshuro nyinshi kakagera kuri miliyoni 47,74 muri Mata 2026.

Iyi mibare igaragaza ko amerekezo y’ubucuruzi bw’u Rwanda ari guhinduka ku buryo bugaragara, aho DRC n’Ubushinwa byamaze gufata imyanya y’imbere mu masoko yakira ibicuruzwa byinshi by’u Rwanda, mu gihe UAE yagiye itakaza umwanya yari yarafashe mu myaka yashize.

Niba iyi myumvire y’ubucuruzi ikomeje uko iri, Ubushinwa bushobora mu gihe cya vuba gufata umwanya wa mbere mu bihugu byakira ibicuruzwa byinshi biturutse mu Rwanda. Ibi byaba ari ikimenyetso cy’uko uruhare rw’Ubushinwa mu bukungu bwa Afurika rukomeje kwiyongera, ndetse n’uko u Rwanda rugenda rwagura ibikorwa byarwo by’ubucuruzi ku masoko yo ku mugabane wa Aziya.

Icyakora, ikigaragara kurushaho ni uko u Rwanda rutakishingikiriza ku isoko rimwe rukumbi nk’uko byahoze mu myaka yashize.

Imibare ya NISR igaragaza ko muri Mata 2026, igihugu cyinjije miliyoni 165,86 z’amadolari avuye mu bicuruzwa byoherejwe mu mahanga, avuye kuri miliyoni 105,42 z’amadolari yari yinjijwe muri Mata 2025. Ibi bingana n’izamuka rya 57,3%, ni ukuvuga inyongera ya miliyoni 60,44 z’amadolari mu mwaka umwe gusa.

Iri zamuka rishingiye ku nkingi ebyiri zikomeye z’ubucuruzi bw’u Rwanda: kwaguka kw’isoko ryo mu karere, cyane cyane mu burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, ndetse n’izamuka rikomeye ry’ibicuruzwa by’u Rwanda bikenerwa ku isoko ry’Ubushinwa, igihugu cya kabiri ku Isi mu bukungu.

Ibi byerekana ko u Rwanda rukomeje gutandukanya amasoko yarwo yoherezamo ibicuruzwa, ibintu bifasha kugabanya ingaruka zaterwa no kwishingikiriza ku gihugu kimwe cyangwa ku karere kamwe mu bikorwa by’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga.