Ikiganiro cya Afurika kibanda kuri AI Kigiye mu Cyiciro Gishya
Ikibazo ntikikiri ukumenya niba Afurika yiteguye gukoresha ubwenge buhangano (AI), ahubwo ni ukumenya icyo izakora na bwo. Mu bijyanye n’ingufu, ibikorwa remezo, ubucuruzi na politiki, Afurika iri gushyiraho imfatiro z’ubukungu bushingiye kuri AI, ariko bukazashingira ku byihutirwa n’ibyihariye ku mugabane.
Abideen Sobanke ari kubaka ikoranabuhanga rishya rya AI mu bwubatsi bwa Afurika
Muri iki cyiciro gishya, ibikorwa by’ishoramari, abahanga mu ikoranabuhanga ndetse n’ibitekerezo bishya biragenda bigira uruhare mu guhindura uburyo Afurika ibona kandi ikoresha AI. Icy’ingenzi kizaba ari uguhindura iyi ntego ikomeye yo gukoresha AI ikabyara inyungu zifatika n’ubushobozi bwo guhangana ku isoko mpuzamahanga.

Abideen Sobanke, umuhanga mu bijyanye n’amakuru n’imibare (Data Scientist), ari gukoresha computer vision na generative AI mu guhindura urwego rw’ubwubatsi n’ibikorwa remezo muri Afurika.
Ubushakashatsi n’imirimo bye byibanda ku guteza imbere ibisubizo by’ikoranabuhanga byafasha urwego rw’ubwubatsi gukora neza, gukoresha amakuru mu gufata ibyemezo no kurushaho kumenya impinduka n’ibikenewe ku isoko.
Ubumenyi bwe bukubiyemo ubwenge buhangano, computer vision n’ikoranabuhanga rishya, bikaba bigaragaza ko hari igisekuru gishya cy’abahanga b’Abanyafurika kiri kubaka ibisubizo by’ikoranabuhanga bigamije gukemura ibibazo by’ingenzi ku mugabane.
Uyu murongo ugaragaza ko AI itagomba kugarukira gusa ku bikorwa bisanzwe nk’ubushakashatsi kuri internet, imbuga nkoranyambaga cyangwa serivisi z’abaguzi. Ishobora no gukoreshwa mu bikorwa bifatika bigira uruhare mu kubaka imijyi, guteza imbere ibikorwa remezo no kongera umusaruro w’ibigo.
Mu gihe Afurika ikomeje kwihutisha imijyi n’ibikorwa remezo, gukoresha AI mu bwubatsi bishobora gufasha ibigo gufata ibyemezo bishingiye ku makuru, kugabanya igihombo no kunoza imikorere mu byiciro bitandukanye by’urwego rw’ubwubatsi.
Afurika ikeneye kuva ku ngamba zo kwitegura AI ikajya ku bushobozi bwo guhangana ku isoko
Roger Janito avuga ko icyiciro gikurikira cya politiki za Afurika zijyanye na AI kigomba kuva ku kwitegura ikoranabuhanga kikerekeza ku gukoresha AI mu kongera ubushobozi bwo guhangana ku isoko mpuzamahanga.
Ibihugu byinshi bya Afurika bimaze gutangira gushyiraho ingamba z’igihugu zijyanye na AI, zirimo ibijyanye n’ibikorwa remezo by’ikoranabuhanga, guteza imbere ubumenyi, imikoreshereze y’amakuru ndetse n’amategeko agenga AI.
Ariko gushyiraho izi ngamba byonyine ntibihagije.
Ikizagena intsinzi ni uburyo AI izakoreshwa mu kongera umusaruro w’ibigo, kunoza imikorere y’inzego za Leta no kubaka ibigo by’ikoranabuhanga bikomoka muri Afurika bishobora kwaguka bikagera no ku masoko mpuzamahanga.
Afurika ntigomba byanze bikunze guhatanira kubaka AI models zikomeye kurusha izindi ku isi. Ahubwo ishobora kubona amahirwe akomeye mu gukoresha AI mu nzego ifiteho ubumenyi n’ibibazo byihutirwa gukemuka.
Muri izo nzego harimo:
- Ubuhinzi;
- Ubuzima;
- Ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro;
- Ubwikorezi n’ibikorwa by’itangwa ry’ibicuruzwa;
- Serivisi z’imari;
- Ubucuruzi n’inganda.
Ikindi cy’ingenzi ni uko ikoreshwa rya AI ritagomba kugarukira ku bigo binini gusa. Ibigo bito n’abacuruzi bakora mu buryo butanditse na bo bagomba kubona uburyo bwo gukoresha AI mu kuzamura imikorere yabo.
Ku butegetsi, icy’ingenzi ni ugushyiraho ibikorwa remezo bikenewe, amategeko yizewe, amakuru rusange ashobora gukoreshwa mu buryo bwemewe ndetse n’amasoko afasha udushya gukura, aho gutegeka buri kintu gishingiye kuri AI.
Ingufu zishobora kuba imbogamizi ku iterambere rya AI muri Afurika
Mu gihe Afurika yihutisha ikoreshwa rya AI, hari ikibazo gikomeye kigenda kigaragara: amashanyarazi ahagije yo gukoresha ibikorwa remezo bya AI.
Ibigo bikoresha AI, cyane cyane data centres, bikenera amashanyarazi menshi. Biteganyijwe ko ingufu zikenerwa n’ibigo by’amakuru muri Afurika zishobora kuva kuri hafi ya 0.4 gigawatt muri iki gihe zikagera kuri 2.2 gigawatts mu 2030.
Ibi bikazasaba ishoramari rinini mu bikorwa remezo by’ingufu n’ikoranabuhanga.
World Economic Forum ivuga ko ibihugu bya Afurika bifite amahirwe yo gutegura hakiri kare uburyo ibikorwa remezo by’ingufu n’iby’ikoranabuhanga byakwagurwa ku buryo bujyana.
Mu byifuzo harimo gushyiraho ahantu hihariye hahurizwa ibikorwa bya AI na data centres, kongera ubushobozi bw’imiyoboro itwara amashanyarazi, gukomeza guhuza imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi y’ibihugu bitandukanye ndetse no kongera imikoreshereze inoze y’ingufu.
Intego ni ukuzuza ingufu zikenewe na AI n’ibigo by’amakuru, ariko bitabaye ngombwa kongera umuvuduko w’ibibazo by’amashanyarazi abaturage basanzwe bahura na byo.
Afurika igiye kwinjira mu cyiciro cyo gukoresha AI mu gukemura ibibazo byayo
Ibi byose bigaragaza ko ikiganiro kuri AI muri Afurika kirimo guhinduka.
Mu ntangiriro, ibihugu byibandaga ku kibazo cyo kumenya niba bifite ibikorwa remezo, ubumenyi n’amategeko bihagije kugira ngo bikoreshe AI.
Ubu ariko ikibazo gikomeye ni icyo Afurika izakora na AI n’inyungu izakura muri iryo koranabuhanga.
Kuva ku bwubatsi, ubuhinzi n’ubuzima kugera ku mari, ingufu n’ibikorwa remezo, AI ishobora gufasha Afurika gukemura ibibazo byayo mu buryo bushya.
Ariko kugira ngo ibyo bigerweho, hakenewe abahanga b’Abanyafurika, ibikorwa remezo bihagije, amashanyarazi yizewe, amakuru meza, amategeko asobanutse ndetse n’ishoramari mu ikoranabuhanga.
Mu yandi magambo, intambara ya Afurika kuri AI ntikiri iyo kumenya niba izayikoresha, ahubwo ni iyo kumenya niba izashobora kuyikoresha mu buryo buyihesha ubushobozi bwo guhangana no guteza imbere ubukungu bwayo.











