Ese koko AI izasimbura abantu? Dore ukuri ku bihuha bikomeje kuyivugwaho

Mu myaka mike ishize, ikoranabuhanga ry’ubwenge buhangano (Artificial Intelligence/AI) ryabaye kimwe mu bintu bivugwa cyane ku Isi. Rikoreshwa mu burezi, ubuvuzi, ubuhinzi, ubucuruzi, itangazamakuru no mu zindi nzego nyinshi, ndetse rikomeje guhindura uburyo abantu bakora imirimo yabo ya buri munsi.

Nubwo AI ikomeje gutanga ibisubizo byihuse no koroshya akazi, hari abantu benshi bakiyifiteho imyumvire itari yo. Bamwe bayifata nk’igikoresho kizigarurira Isi, abandi bakavuga ko kizambura abantu bose akazi, mu gihe hari n’abemera ko buri gisubizo gitanzwe na AI kiba ari ukuri kudashidikanywaho.

Uko iri koranabuhanga ryagiye ritera imbere, cyane cyane guhera mu mwaka wa 2010 ubwo uburyo bwo kwigisha imashini hifashishijwe amakuru menshi (Machine Learning na Deep Learning) bwatangiye kwaguka, ni na ko ryakururiye abantu benshi amatsiko n’impungenge. Nyamara impuguke zitandukanye zivuga ko byinshi mu bivugwa kuri AI bishingiye ku makuru atuzuye cyangwa ku myumvire itari yo.

AI ntizasimbura abantu bose

Kimwe mu bintu bikunze kuvugwa ni uko AI izambura abantu bose imirimo. Nubwo hari imirimo imwe n’imwe ishobora gukorwa n’imashini, impuguke zigaragaza ko hazanavuka indi myinshi mishya.

Raporo ya Goldman Sachs yerekanye ko AI ishobora kugira ingaruka ku mirimo miliyoni 300 ku Isi, ariko ikanatanga amahirwe mashya mu mirimo isaba ubumenyi bwo gukoresha iri koranabuhanga. BBC na yo igaragaza ko AI idakora yonyine, ahubwo ikenera abantu bayikoresha, bayigenzura kandi bakanayikosora.

Ibi bivuze ko abantu bazamenya gukoresha AI neza ari bo bazarushaho kugira amahirwe ku isoko ry’umurimo.

AI ntitekereza nk’umuntu

Hari abatekereza ko AI ifite ubwenge nk’ubwa muntu. Mu by’ukuri, AI ishobora gusesengura amakuru no gutanga ibisubizo, ariko ntigira amarangamutima, ubushobozi bwo kwifatira ibyemezo yigenga cyangwa kwimenya.

Abashakashatsi bo muri MIT bagaragaza ko AI ikora hashingiwe ku makuru yahawe n’amabwiriza yashyizwemo. Ishobora kwiga uburyo bwo gukora ibintu bimwe na bimwe, ariko ntisobanukirwa ibyo ikora nk’uko umuntu abisobanukirwa.

AI ishobora kwibeshya

Abantu benshi bafata ibisubizo bya AI nk’aho buri gihe biba ari ukuri. Nyamara na yo ishobora gukora amakosa.

Hari igihe itanga amakuru atabaho cyangwa ikavanga ibimenyetso. Ibi ni byo bamwe mu bashakashatsi bise “AI hallucination”. Ni yo mpamvu ari ngombwa kugenzura amakuru atanzwe na AI mbere yo kuyifashisha mu byemezo bikomeye.

AI ishobora kubogama

Nubwo bamwe batekereza ko AI idashobora kubogama, impuguke zigaragaza ko ishobora gutanga ibisubizo bibogamye bitewe n’ubwoko bw’amakuru yatojweho.

UNESCO isaba abakoresha AI guhora bagenzura ibisubizo byayo no kuyikosora kugira ngo irusheho gutanga amakuru yizewe kandi arimo uburinganire.

AI si iy’impuguke gusa

Mu gihe cyashize, abantu bumvaga AI ari iy’abahanga mu ikoranabuhanga gusa. Uyu munsi si ko bikimeze.

Abanyeshuri bayikoresha mu bushakashatsi, abarimu mu gutegura amasomo, abanyamakuru mu gukusanya amakuru, abaganga mu gusesengura indwara, abahinzi mu kugenzura umusaruro, ndetse n’abacuruzi mu kwamamaza ibikorwa byabo.

Ibi byerekana ko AI yabaye igikoresho gishobora gukoreshwa n’umuntu wese ufite icyo ashaka kunoza.

AI si ikoranabuhanga rishya

Nubwo benshi batangiye kumva AI mu myaka ya vuba, amateka yayo atangira mu myaka ya 1950.

Icyatumye yamamara cyane ni iterambere rya mudasobwa zifite ubushobozi buhanitse, ubwiyongere bw’ububiko bw’amakuru ndetse n’umuvuduko wa internet, byatumye AI irushaho gukora neza kurusha mbere.

AI ntizi byose

Hari abibwira ko AI ifite ibisubizo kuri buri kibazo. Mu by’ukuri, ubumenyi bwayo bushingiye ku makuru yatojweho n’ayo ibona.

Iyo idafite amakuru ahagije cyangwa yizewe, ishobora gutanga ibisubizo bituzuye cyangwa bitari byo.

AI ntikemura ibibazo byose

Nubwo AI ishobora gufasha mu gukemura ibibazo byinshi, ntisimbura ubushobozi bwa muntu bwo gutekereza, gufata imyanzuro no kubahiriza amahame ngengamyitwarire.

Hari ibyemezo bikomeye bisaba ubunararibonye, impuhwe n’ubushishozi bwa muntu, ibintu AI itabasha gukora.

Gukoresha AI si ugukopera

Abantu bamwe batekereza ko gukoresha AI bihwanye no gukopera. Mu by’ukuri, AI ni igikoresho nk’ibindi bifasha umuntu gukora neza kandi vuba.Icyafatwa nk’uburiganya ni ukuyikoresha ahabujijwe, nko mu bizamini cyangwa mu bikorwa bisaba ko umuntu akora wenyine.

AI ntizigarurira Isi

Filime zimwe na zimwe zatumye abantu batekereza ko AI izagera aho ikigenzura Isi. Nyamara impuguke zemeza ko AI idashobora kwifatira ibyemezo cyangwa kwishyiriraho intego.Ikora gusa ibyo yateguriwe gukora n’abantu, kandi ikomeza kugenzurwa n’abayikoresha.

Mu gihe AI ikomeje kwinjira mu nzego zitandukanye z’ubuzima, ni ngombwa ko abantu bayimenya neza aho kuyitinya cyangwa kuyifata nk’igisubizo cya buri kibazo.

UNESCO ishimangira ko AI ari igikoresho cyagenewe gufasha abantu, aho kubasimbura. Abazayisobanukirwa kandi bakayikoresha neza ni bo bazabona amahirwe menshi mu kazi, mu bucuruzi, mu burezi no mu guhanga udushya.

Ahazaza h’iri koranabuhanga hazashingira ku buryo abantu bazaribyaza umusaruro, bakarigenzura kandi bakariteza imbere mu nyungu z’abaturage bose.