Nubwo ubumenyi ku kwirinda Virusi itera SIDA (HIV) bukomeje kwiyongera hirya no hino ku Isi, haracyari abantu benshi bibaza uburyo bashobora kumenya niba baranduye nyuma yo gukora imyitwarire ishobora kubagusha mu kaga ko kugira aho ihurira n’agakoko.
Abaganga n’inzobere mu buzima bashimangira ko umuntu adakwiriye gushingira gusa ku bimenyetso ngo yemeze ko yanduye cyangwa atanduye HIV, kuko hari igihe virusi iba iri mu mubiri ariko ntigaragaze ibimenyetso. Icyakora, hari ibimenyetso bishobora kugaragara mu byiciro bitandukanye by’ubwandu bikaba byatuma umuntu afata icyemezo cyo kwihutira kwipimisha.
Icyiciro cya mbere: Ibimenyetso bishobora kumera nk’iby’ibicurane
Mu byumweru bibiri kugeza kuri bine nyuma yo kwandura HIV, bamwe mu bantu bashobora kugira ibimenyetso bizwi nka Acute Retroviral Syndrome (ARS).
Abahanga bavuga ko ibi bimenyetso bishobora kugaragara ku bantu benshi banduye HIV mu byumweru bike bya mbere, nubwo hari n’abashobora kutabigaragaza na gato.
Bimwe mu bimenyetso bikunze kugaragara harimo:
- Umuriro mwinshi
- Gukonja
- Kubira ibyuya byinshi nijoro
- Kubabara mu ngingo no mu mitsi
- Kubabara mu muhogo
- Kunanirwa bikabije
- Ibisebe byo mu kanwa
- Kuzana ibiheri cyangwa uduheri ku mubiri
- Kubyimba kw’udusabo tw’amaraso two mu ijosi, mu kwaha cyangwa mu mayasha
Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kumara iminsi mike cyangwa ibyumweru bike mbere yo kugabanuka.
Kuki umuntu atagomba gushingira kuri ibi bimenyetso ngo yanzure ko yanduye?
Abaganga bavuga ko ibimenyetso bya HIV yo mu ntangiriro bishobora gusa n’iby’izindi ndwara nyinshi zirimo ibicurane, malariya cyangwa izindi ndwara ziterwa na virusi.
Ni yo mpamvu umuntu ufite ibi bimenyetso adakwiye guhita yemeza ko yanduye HIV cyangwa ngo yikange cyane, ahubwo agasabwa kujya kwa muganga cyangwa kwipimisha kugira ngo amenye ukuri.
Icyiciro cya kabiri: Kubana na virusi nta bimenyetso
Nyuma y’icyiciro cya mbere, HIV ishobora kumara imyaka myinshi mu mubiri nta bimenyetso bigaragara.Iki cyiciro kizwi nka Clinical Latency Stage cyangwa icyiciro cyo kubana na virusi mu ituze.
Muri iki gihe:
- Virusi iba ikiri mu mubiri
- Ikomeza kwiyongera buhoro buhoro
- Umuntu ashobora kumva ameze neza
- Ashobora gukomeza kwanduza abandi atabizi
Impuguke zigaragaza ko abantu batangira gufata imiti igabanya ubukana bwa virusi (ARVs) hakiri kare bashobora kumara imyaka myinshi bafite ubuzima bwiza nk’ubw’abandi.
Iyo HIV itavuwe ishobora kugera ku rwego rwa SIDA
Iyo umuntu amaze igihe kinini yaranduye ariko atafata imiti, virusi igenda yangiza ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri kugeza ageze ku rwego rwa SIDA.
Muri iki cyiciro, umubiri uba utagifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya indwara zisanzwe.
Ibimenyetso bishobora kugaragara harimo:
- Umuriro uhoraho
- Kubira ibyuya byinshi nijoro
- Guta ibiro ku buryo bugaragara
- Kunanirwa bikabije
- Impiswi zidakira
- Ibisebe bidakira mu kanwa cyangwa ku bindi bice by’umubiri
- Kubyimba kw’udusabo tw’amaraso igihe kirekire
- Indwara z’ubuhumekero nka pneumonia
- Ibibazo byo kwibagirwa no kugabanuka kw’imikorere y’ubwonko
Abaganga bavuga ko ibi bimenyetso bishobora kugaragara no ku zindi ndwara, bityo umuntu akaba adakwiye kubishingiraho ngo yemeze ko afite SIDA.
Kwipimisha ni bwo buryo bwonyine bwo kumenya ukuri
Inzobere mu buzima zishimangira ko nta buryo bwo kurebera ku isura cyangwa ku bimenyetso gusa ngo umenye niba umuntu yaranduye HIV.
Kwipimisha ni bwo buryo bwizewe bwo kumenya niba umuntu yaranduye cyangwa ataranduye.
Iyo umuntu amenye hakiri kare ko yanduye:
- Ashobora gutangira imiti vuba
- Agakomeza kugira ubuzima bwiza
- Akagabanya ibyago byo kwanduza abandi
- Akirinda kugera ku rwego rwa SIDA
- Impuguke zisaba abantu kwirinda no kwisuzumisha
Abaganga bagira inama abantu gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina ikingiye, kwirinda gusangira ibikoresho bikomeretsa no kujya bipimisha HIV kenshi cyane cyane igihe bakeka ko bahuye n’ikintu cyabanduza.
Bashimangira ko umuntu wese wagize imyitwarire imushyira mu kaga akwiye kwipimisha aho gutegereza ko ibimenyetso bigaragara, kuko hari igihe virusi ishobora kumara imyaka myinshi mu mubiri itagaragaza ikibazo na kimwe.
Nubwo hari ibimenyetso bishobora gutuma umuntu akeka ko yanduye HIV, inzobere zemeza ko kwipimisha ari bwo buryo bwonyine bwo kumenya ukuri no gufata ingamba zo kurinda ubuzima bwe n’ubw’abandi.
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