Sobanukirwa impamvu ukwiye gutekereza kabiri mbere yo gufata amashusho y’undi muntu

Muri iki gihe telefoni zigezweho n’imbuga nkoranyambaga usanga gufata amashusho byarabaye nk’ibintu bisanzwe, gusa ubushakashatsi bushya bugaragaza ko icyo gikorwa gishobora kugira ingaruka ku muntu ufashwe amashusho, ku muntu uyafashe ndetse no ku mibanire y’abantu muri rusange. Akaba ariyo mpamvu abahanga basaba ko mbere yo gukanda kuri ‘Record’ cyangwa ‘Camera’, abantu bakwiye kubanza gutekereza ku ngaruka z’igihe kirekire zishobora gukurikiraho.

Mu myaka mike ishize, isi yabaye nk’ifite camera ziri ahantu hose. Hafi ya buri muntu agendana telefoni ifata amashusho, mu gihe ahantu henshi hashyizwe camera z’umutekano (CCTV), hakiyongeraho imbuga nkoranyambaga zituma amashusho agera ku bantu babarirwa muri za miliyoni mu kanya gato.

Ibi byatumye gufata no gutangaza amashusho y’abandi biba ibintu bisanzwe. Ariko se ni iki kiba ku muntu ufashwe amashusho atabizi? Ese ni izihe ngaruka bishobora kugira ku muntu uri inyuma ya camera? Ni iki amategeko y’u Rwanda ateganya kuri iki kibazo?

Ubushakashatsi buvuga iki?

Inyandiko yasohotse muri Psychology Today ishingiye ku bushakashatsi butandukanye mu by’imitekerereze y’abantu ivuga ko gufata amashusho y’undi muntu atabanje kubiha uburenganzira bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mitekerereze ye, bikamutera guhangayika no kumva atakaje ubushobozi bwo kugenzura isura ye n’ubuzima bwe bwite.

Abashakashatsi bavuga ko umuntu amenye ko ari gufatwa amashusho, ubwonko bwe bushobora guhita bwinjira mu buryo bwo kwirwanaho cyangwa guhunga (fight-or-flight response), bikamutera ubwoba, kwitwararika cyane no guhora yibaza uko agaragara mu maso y’abandi.

Ku bantu bafite ibibazo byo guhangayika, ihungabana cyangwa ibindi bibazo byo mu mutwe, izi ngaruka zishobora kuba zikomeye kurushaho.

Amashusho ashobora gukwirakwira imyaka myinshiAbahanga bavuga ko itandukaniro rikomeye riri hagati yo kurebwa n’umuntu no gufatwa amashusho ari uko amashusho ashobora kubikwa, gusangizwa abandi no kongera gukoreshwa nyuma y’imyaka myinshi.

Hari igihe amashusho akurwa mu mwanya yafatiwemo, agahabwa ibisobanuro bitari byo cyangwa agakoreshwa mu buryo bwangiza isura y’umuntu. Iyo bibaye, uwafashwe amashusho ashobora kubura ubushobozi bwo kugenzura inkuru imwerekeye cyangwa uko abandi bamubona.

N’ufata amashusho ashobora kugira icyo ahomba

Ubushakashatsi ntibwerekana ingaruka ku muntu ufashwe amashusho gusa.

Bwanagaragaje ko abantu bahugira mu gufata amashusho y’ibirori, ingendo cyangwa ibindi bikorwa bibagora kubyibuka neza nyuma. Impamvu ni uko ubwonko buba bwumva amakuru yamaze kubikwa muri telefoni, ntibushyire imbaraga nyinshi mu kuyabika nk’urwibutso.

Abashakashatsi banavuga ko gufata amashusho y’ibihe by’ingenzi bishobora no kugabanya uburyo umuntu abyumva cyangwa abyigiraho amasomo.

Gufata amashusho bishobora gusimbura gutabara

Mu gihe habaye impanuka cyangwa amakimbirane, hari abantu bahita bakuramo telefoni bagatangira gufata amashusho aho gutabara.

Abahanga bavuga ko ibi bishobora gutuma umuntu yumva hari icyo yakoze nyamara nta bufasha nyabwo yatanze. Ikindi kandi, abandi babibonye bashobora na bo kutagira icyo bakora, bakeka ko hari abandi bamaze kubyitaho.

Ni yo mpamvu impuguke zisaba ko igihe bishoboka, ubuzima bw’umuntu bukwiye kubanza kuza mbere yo gufata amashusho.

Camera zishobora guhindura imyitwarire y’abantu

Ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko kuba abantu bazi ko bashobora gufatwa amashusho igihe icyo ari cyo cyose bituma benshi bagabanya kwisanzura.

Hari abatinya kuvuga icyo batekereza cyangwa gukora ibyo bakunda kubera ubwoba bw’uko amashusho yabo ashobora kujya kuri internet, bagasebwa cyangwa bagacirwa urubanza n’abandi.

Amategeko y’u Rwanda ateganya iki?

Mu Rwanda, ubuzima bwite bw’umuntu burarinzwe n’Itegeko Nº 058/2021 ryo kurinda amakuru bwite n’ubuzima bwite.

Iri tegeko risaba ko amakuru ashobora kumenyekanisha umuntu, harimo amafoto cyangwa amashusho amuranga, atunganywa mu buryo butabangamira ubuzima bwe bwite. Iyo gutunganya ayo makuru bishingiye ku bwumvikane bw’umuntu, ubwo bwumvikane bugomba kuba bwaratanzwe ku bushake kandi nyuma yo gusobanurirwa icyo ayo makuru azakoreshwa.

Icyakora, si buri gihe gufata amashusho y’undi muntu bihita biba binyuranyije n’amategeko. Hari ibihe bimwe bikorwa biba byemewe, nko mu bikorwa by’itangazamakuru bikurikiza amahame y’umwuga, ibikorwa by’inzego z’umutekano cyangwa izindi mpamvu zemewe n’amategeko.

Icy’ingenzi ni uko gukoresha cyangwa gukwirakwiza amashusho bikorwa mu buryo bwubahiriza uburenganzira n’icyubahiro cy’uyafashwemo.

Ni ryari ukwiye kubanza gusaba uburenganzira?

Impuguke zemeza ko kubanza gusaba uburenganzira ari byo byiza cyane cyane igihe:

Ugiye gufata amashusho y’umuntu umwe cyangwa bake
Ugiye kuyashyira ku mbuga nkoranyambaga
Ashobora gutuma uwo muntu amenyekana cyangwa akagirwaho ingaruka
Ari umwana cyangwa ari ahantu hihariye

Camera zifite n’akamaro gakomeye

Nubwo ubushakashatsi bugaragaza izi ngaruka, camera zikomeza kugira uruhare rukomeye mu gutahura ibyaha, gutanga ibimenyetso mu nkiko, gutangaza amakuru no kugaragaza ihohoterwa cyangwa ibindi bibazo byari kugorana kumenyekana.

Abahanga bavuga ko ikibazo atari camera ubwayo, ahubwo ari uburyo ikoreshwa n’impamvu ikoreshwa.

Mu gihe isi ikomeje kuba iy’ikoranabuhanga, ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko gukanda kuri “Record” atari igikorwa cyoroheje nk’uko benshi babitekereza.

Mbere yo gufata amashusho y’undi muntu, ni byiza kwibaza niba ari ngombwa, niba ayo mashusho atazagira ingaruka ku buzima bwe cyangwa ku cyubahiro cye, ndetse niba koko gufata amashusho ari byo bikenewe aho kuba gutanga ubufasha cyangwa kubaha ubuzima bwe bwite.

Kubaha uburenganzira bw’abandi no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu buryo buboneye ni byo bizatuma camera zikomeza kuba igikoresho cyubaka sosiyete aho kuba intandaro y’ibibazo.