Uko amashusho y’urukozasoni agira ingaruka ku bwonko bw’umuntu, cyane cyane ku rubyiruko

Muri iki gihe cy’umwaduko udasanzwe kandi uri ku muvuduko utarigeze kubaho mu bindi binyejana by’ikoranabuhanga rikomeje koroshya uburyo abantu babona amakuru n’imyidagaduro n’ibindi byinshi bakenera binyuze kuri murandasi, ibyo bituma impuguke mu buzima bwo mu mutwe zivuga ko hakenewe ubukangurambaga bwisumbuyeho ku ngaruka zishobora guterwa no kureba amashusho y’urukozasoni, cyane cyane ku bana n’urubyiruko dore ko biri mu bikomeje gukururira abo muri ibi byiciro cyane kumara umwanya munini ku mbuga.

Ubushakashatsi butandukanye bwakozwe mu myaka yashize bugaragaza ko amashusho y’urukozasoni akora ku bice by’ubwonko bifitanye isano n’ibyishimo, ibyifuzo n’imyitwarire. Icyakora, abahanga bavuga ko ingaruka zayo zitangana ku bantu bose kuko zishingira ku myaka, inshuro umuntu ayareba, ubuzima bwo mu mutwe ndetse n’imiterere y’imibereho ye.

Uko ubwonko bwakira amashusho y’urukozasoni

Abahanga mu bumenyi bw’imitsi y’ubwonko bavuga ko iyo umuntu arebye ibintu bikangura amarangamutima y’imibonano mpuzabitsina, ubwonko burekura imisemburo irimo dopamine, ifasha umuntu kumva yishimye cyangwa yishimiye icyo ari gukora.

Ibi ni na byo bituma bamwe bashobora kumva bashaka kongera kureba ayo mashusho inshuro nyinshi.

Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe ku bantu bagaragaje imyitwarire yo kuyakurikiranira hafi cyane bwerekanye ko hari ibice by’ubwonko bishobora kwitwara mu buryo busa n’ububoneka ku bantu bafite imyitwarire y’ubunywanyi ku bintu runaka. Gusa abashakashatsi bashimangira ko ibyo bidahita bivuga ko buri muntu ureba amashusho y’urukozasoni aba afite ikibazo cy’ubusinzi bwo kuyareba cyangwa ko ubwonko bwe bwangiritse burundu.

Kuki urubyiruko rufatwa nk’urwugarijwe cyane?

Abahanga bavuga ko ubwonko bw’umwana cyangwa urubyiruko buba bugikura kandi bugikomeza kwiyubaka kugeza mu myaka ya nyuma y’ubugimbi n’ubwangavu.

Ni yo mpamvu amashusho y’urukozasoni ashobora kugira uruhare mu guhindura uburyo bamwe batekereza ku mibonano mpuzabitsina, ku mibanire y’abakundana ndetse no ku ishusho y’umubiri.

Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko urubyiruko rukunze kureba ayo mashusho rushobora kugira ibitekerezo cyangwa ibyifuzo bidahuye n’ubuzima busanzwe.

Ikigo cya Australian Institute of Family Studies (AIFS) cyagaragaje ko urubyiruko rukunze kureba amashusho y’urukozasoni rushobora kuyafata nk’isomo ku mibonano mpuzabitsina, bikaba byatuma bamwe bagira imyumvire itari yo ku mibanire n’icyo umubano muzima usobanuye.

Imibare igaragaza uko ikibazo gihagaze

Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe muri Australia bwagaragaje ko hafi 74.8% by’ingimbi n’abangavu bafite hagati y’imyaka 16 na 18 bamaze guhura n’amashusho y’urukozasoni nibura rimwe mu buzima bwabo. Muri bo, abarenga 39% bayabonye bwa mbere batarageza ku myaka 13 y’amavuko.

Ubundi bushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko hafi 44% by’abana bafite hagati y’imyaka 9 na 16 bahuye n’amashusho arimo ibikorwa by’imibonano mpuzabitsina mu gihe cy’umwaka umwe gusa.

Ku rwego rw’Isi, imibare itandukanye igaragaza ko abantu benshi bakoresha internet bahura n’ubu bwoko bw’ibikubiye ku mbuga nkoranyambaga cyangwa ku zindi mbuga za internet, ibintu bituma ikibazo kiba rusange kurushaho.

Ese amashusho y’urukozasoni yangiza ubwonko burundu?

Iki ni kimwe mu bibazo bikunze kubazwa cyane.

Abahanga benshi bavuga ko nta bimenyetso bihagije byemeza ko kureba amashusho y’urukozasoni byonyine bitera umuntu yangirika burundu mu bwonko. Ahubwo bavuga ko ikibazo gikomeye gishobora kuvuka iyo umuntu atangiye kuyarebaho cyane ku buryo bimubuza gukora inshingano ze za buri munsi cyangwa bikamugiraho ingaruka zo mu mutwe.

Dr. Nicole Prause, umwe mu bashakashatsi bazwi mu by’imyitwarire y’imibonano mpuzabitsina, yagaragaje ko hakwiye gutandukanywa umuntu ureba ayo mashusho rimwe na rimwe n’ufite ikibazo cyo kuyakoresha mu buryo bukabije kugeza bimugizeho ingaruka. Ibi bituma ubushakashatsi bukomeza gushaka ibisubizo birambuye aho gufata abantu bose kimwe.

Ingaruka zishobora kugaragara ku mibereho

Abashakashatsi bagaragaza ko gukoresha cyane amashusho y’urukozasoni bishobora:

• Gutuma umuntu agira ibyifuzo bidahuye n’ubuzima busanzwe;
• Kugira imyumvire itari yo ku mibanire y’abakundana;
• Kugabanya ubushobozi bwo kwigenzura ku bantu bamwe;
• Gutuma bamwe bahindura imyitwarire yabo bitewe n’ibyo babonye kuri internet;
• Gutera ikibazo cyo guhora bashaka kureba ibindi bikangura amarangamutima kurushaho.

Hari kandi ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko ku bantu bamwe bafite ikibazo cyo kwigunga cyangwa kwiheba, kureba ayo mashusho bishobora gukoreshwa nk’uburyo bwo guhunga amarangamutima mabi, bikazatuma ikibazo kirushaho gukomera aho kugabanuka.

Icyo impuguke zivuga

Inzobere mu buzima bwo mu mutwe n’abashinzwe uburezi bavuga ko igisubizo atari ugutera ubwoba abantu gusa, ahubwo ari ukubigisha uko bakoresha internet neza no kubafasha gutandukanya ibiri kuri internet n’ubuzima busanzwe.

Basaba ko urubyiruko ruhabwa uburere bwimbitse ku mibanire, ubuzima bw’imyororokere n’imikoreshereze myiza y’ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo rubashe gufata ibyemezo bishingiye ku makuru yizewe aho kuyakura gusa ku mashusho rubona kuri internet.

Nubwo amashusho y’urukozasoni akomeza gukwirakwira bitewe n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga, abahanga bemeza ko ingaruka zayo zitangana ku bantu bose. Icyakora, urubyiruko ruri mu byiciro bishobora kugirwaho ingaruka cyane kubera ko ubwonko bwabo buba bugikura.

Ubushakashatsi buri gukorwa muri iki gihe bukomeza kwerekana ko hakenewe uburere n’ubukangurambaga bufasha abantu gusobanukirwa uko aya mashusho ashobora kugira ingaruka ku mitekerereze, imyitwarire n’imibanire yabo, aho kwishingikiriza ku myumvire cyangwa ibihuha bidafite ishingiro.